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全球化學品統一分類和標簽制度(GHS)防范說明編碼
2018.05.14 點擊30532次
聯合國GHS制度，是指《全球化學品統一分類和標簽制度》(Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals，其封面為紫色因此又稱“紫皮書”)，是聯合國GHS專家委員會、聯合國際勞工組織(ILO)和經合組織(OECD)，基于保護人類健康和環境、減少對化學品的重復測試和評估、完善現有化學品分類和標簽體系、促進化學品國際貿易的目的所起草的一項重要制度，并陸續被世界各國采納，是目前全球進出口危險化學品貿易中所需關注的重要法規之一。
防范說明是用一條術語(和/或防范象形圖)來說明為盡量減少或防止接觸危險化學品或者不當儲運危險化學品產生的不良效應所建議采取的安全防范措施。GHS標簽要素中使用4類防范說明術語，分別為：預防，發生事故泄漏或接觸時的反應，儲存和處置。在《全球統一制度》中，共有5類防護說明：一般、預防、應對(在意外溢漏或接觸情況下，為緊急反應和急救)、存放和處置。關于如何使用《全球統一制度》防護說明的指導，包括為《全球統一制度》每一危險種類和類別選擇適當說明的建議。
| 代碼 | 防護說明 |
| 一般防護說明 | |
| P101 | If medical advice is needed, have product con or label at hand. 如需求醫，請隨身攜帶產品容器或標簽。 |
| P102 | Keep out of reach of children. 切勿讓兒童接觸。 |
| P103 | Read carefully and follow all instructions.(omit where P202 is used.) 使用前務請看明標簽。(在P202存在時，省略P103) |
| 預防措施說明 | |
| P201 | Obtain special instructions before use.(omit for consumer products where P202 is used.) 使用前取得專用說明。(對于消費品，當P202存在時，省略P201。) |
| P202 | Do not handle until all safety precautions have 在閱讀并明了所有安全措施前切勿搬動。 |
| P210 | Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. 遠離熱源、熱表面、火花、明火和其他點火 |
| P211 | Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source. 切勿噴灑在明火或其他點火源上。 |
| P212 | Avoid heating under confinement or reduction of the desensitized agent 避免封閉條件下受熱或退敏劑減少 |
| P220 | Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials. 遠離服裝和其他可燃材料。 |
| P222 | Do not allow contact with air. 不得與空氣接觸。 |
| P223 | Do not allow contact with water. 不得與水接觸。 |
| P230 | Keep wetted with ... 用…保持濕潤。 |
| P231 | Handle and store contents under inert gas/... 在惰性氣體/…中操作和存放 |
| P232 | Protect from moisture. 防潮。 |
| P233 | Keep container tightly closed. 保持容器密閉。 |
| P234 | Keep only in original packaging. 只能在原容器中存放。 |
| P235 | Keep cool. 保持低溫。 |
| P240 | Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. 貨箱和裝載設備接地并等勢聯接。 |
| P241 | Use explosion-proof[electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. 使用防爆的[電氣/通風/照明/……]設備。 |
| P242 | Use non-sparking tools. 使用不產生火花的工具。 |
| P243 | Take action to prevent static discharges. 采取防止靜電放電的措施。 |
| P244 | Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease. 閥門及緊固裝置不得帶有油脂或油劑。 |
| P250 | Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction/…. 不得研磨/沖擊/摩擦…… |
| P251 | Do not pierce or burn, even after use. 切勿穿刺或焚燒，即使不再使用。 |
| P260 | Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉塵/煙/氣體/氣霧/蒸氣/噴霧。 |
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉塵/煙/氣體/氣霧/蒸氣/噴霧。 |
| P262 | Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. 嚴防進入眼中、接觸皮膚或衣服。 |
| P263 | Avoid contact during pregnancy and while nursing. 懷孕和哺乳期間避免接觸。 |
| P264 | Wash ... thoroughly after handling. 作業后徹底清洗…… |
| P270 | Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本產品時不要進食、飲水或吸煙。 |
| P271 | Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. 只能在室外或通風良好處使用。 |
| P272 | Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. 受沾染的工作服不得帶出工作場地。 |
| P273 | Avoid release to the environment. 避免釋放到環境中。 |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/... 戴防護手套/穿防護服/戴防護眼罩/戴防護面具。 |
| P282 | Wear cold insulating gloves and either face shield or eye protection. 戴防寒手套和防護面具或防護眼罩。 |
| P283 | Wear fire resistant or flame retardant clothing. 穿防火或阻燃服裝。 |
| P284 | [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection. [在通風不足的情況下]戴呼吸防護裝置 |
| P231 + P232 | Handle and store contents under inert gas/.... Protect from moisture. 在惰性氣體中搬運和貯存內裝物/…… 防潮 |
| 應急措施說明 | |
| P301 | IF SWALLOWED: 如誤吞咽： |
| P302 | IF ON SKIN: 如皮膚沾染： |
| P303 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): 如皮膚(或頭發)沾染： |
| P304 | IF INHALED: 如誤吸入： |
| P305 | IF IN EYES: 如進入眼睛： |
| P306 | IF ON CLOTHING: 如沾染衣服： |
| P308 | IF exposed or concerned: 如接觸到或有疑慮： |
| P310 | Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… 立即呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P311 | Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… 呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P312 | Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. 如感覺不適，呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P313 | Get medical advice/attention. 求醫/就診。 |
| P314 | Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. 如感覺不適，須求醫/就診。 |
| P315 | Get immediate medical advice/attention. 立即求醫/就診。 |
| P320 | Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label). 必須立即接受具體治療(見本標簽上的……)。 |
| P321 | Specific treatment (see ... on this label). 具體治療(見本標簽上的……)。 |
| P330 | Rinse mouth. 漱口。 |
| P331 | Do NOT induce vomiting. 不得誘導嘔吐。 |
| P332 | If skin irritation occurs:(may be omitted if P333 is given on the label.) 如發生皮膚刺激：(如果P333存在標簽上時P332可以被省略。) |
| P333 | If skin irritation or rash occurs: 如發生皮膚刺激或皮疹： |
| P334 | Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages]. 浸入冷水中[或用濕繃帶包扎] |
| P335 | Brush off loose particles from skin. 撣掉皮膚上的細小顆粒。 |
| P336 | Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. 用微溫水化解凍傷部位。不要搓擦患處。 |
| P337 | If eye irritation persists: 如長時間眼刺激： |
| P338 | Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. 如戴隱形眼鏡并可方便地取出，取出隱形眼鏡。繼續沖洗。 |
| P340 | Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. 將人轉移到空氣新鮮處，保持呼吸舒適體位。 |
| P342 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: 如有呼吸系統病癥： |
| P351 | Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. 用水小心沖洗幾分鐘。 |
| P352 | Wash with plenty of water/... 用水充分清洗/…… |
| P353 | Rinse skin with water [or shower]. 用水清洗皮膚[或淋浴] |
| P360 | Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. 立即用水充分沖洗沾染的衣服和皮膚，然后脫掉衣服。 |
| P361 | Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 立即脫掉所有沾染的衣服。 |
| P362 | Take off contaminated clothing. 脫掉沾染的衣服。 |
| P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. 沾染的衣服清洗后方可重新使用。 |
| P364 | And wash it before reuse. 清洗后方可重新使用。 |
| P370 | In case of fire: 火災時： |
| P371 | In case of major fire and large quantities: 在發生大火和大量泄漏的情況下： |
| P372 | Explosion risk. 爆炸危險 |
| P373 | DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. 火燒到爆炸物時切勿救火。 |
| P375 | Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. 因有爆炸危險，須遠距離救火。 |
| P376 | Stop leak if safe to do so. 如能保證安全，可設法堵塞泄漏。 |
| P377 | Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. 漏氣著火：切勿滅火，除非能夠安全地堵塞泄漏。 |
| P378 | Use ... to extinguish. 使用……滅火。 |
| P380 | Evacuate area. 撤離現場。 |
| P381 | In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources. 萬一泄漏，除去一切點火源 |
| P390 | Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. 吸收溢出物，防止材料損壞。 |
| P391 | Collect spillage. 收集溢出物。 |
| P301 + P310 | IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… 如誤吞咽：立即呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P301 + P312 | IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. 如誤吞咽：如感覺不適，呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P302 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water or wrap in wet bandages. 如皮膚沾染：浸入冷水中[或用濕繃帶包扎] |
| P302 + P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... 如皮膚沾染：用水充分清洗。 |
| P304 + P312 | IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. 如誤吸入：如感覺不適，呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生…… |
| P304 + P340 | IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. 如誤吸入：將人轉移到空氣新鮮處，保持呼吸舒適體位。 |
| P306 + P360 | IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. 如沾染衣服：立即用水充分沖洗沾染的衣服和皮膚，然后脫掉衣服。 |
| P308 + P311 | IF exposed or concerned: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/... 如接觸到：呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生…… |
| P308 + P313 | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. 如接觸到或有疑慮：求醫/就診。 |
| P332 + P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. 如發生皮膚刺激：求醫/就診。 |
| P333 + P313 | If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. 如發生皮膚刺激或皮疹：求醫/就診。 |
| P336 + P315 | Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. Get immediate medical advice/attention 用微溫水化解凍傷部位。避免揉搓患處。立即求醫/治療 |
| P337 + P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. 如眼刺激持續不退：求醫/就診。 |
| P342 + P311 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/... 如出現呼吸系統病癥：呼叫中毒急救中心/醫生/…… |
| P361 + P364 | Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. 立即脫掉所有沾染的衣服，清洗后方可重新使用 |
| P362 + P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. 脫掉沾染的衣服，清洗后方可重新使用 |
| P370 + P376 | In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so. 火災時：如能保證安全，設法堵塞泄漏。 |
| P370 + P378 | In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. 火災時：使用……滅火。 |
| P301 + P330 + P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. 如誤吞咽：漱口。不得誘導嘔吐 |
| P302 + P335 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages]. 如皮膚沾染：撣掉皮膚上的細小顆粒。浸入冷水中[或用濕繃帶包扎] |
| P303 + P361 + P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. 如皮膚(或頭發)沾染：立即脫掉所有沾染的衣服。用水清洗皮膚[或淋浴] |
| P305 + P351 + P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. 如進入眼睛：用水小心沖洗幾分鐘。如戴隱形眼鏡并可方便地取出，取出隱形眼鏡。繼續沖洗。 |
| P370 + P380 + P375 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. 火災時：撤離現場。因有爆炸危險，須遠距離滅火。 |
| P371 + P380 + P375 | In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. 如發生大火和大量泄漏：撤離現場。因有爆炸危險，須遠距離滅火。 |
| P370 + P372 + P380 + P373 | In case of fire: Explosion risk. Evacuate area. DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. 火災時：有爆炸危險。撤離現場。如火勢蔓延到爆炸物，不要試圖救火 |
| P370 + P380 + P375 [+ P378] | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. [Use…to extinguish]. 火災時：撤離現場。因有爆炸危險，須遠距離滅火。[使用…滅火] |
| 存放防護說明 | |
| P401 | Store in accordance with… 存放須遵照…… |
| P402 | Store in a dry place. 存放于干燥處。 |
| P403 | Store in a well-ventilated place. 存放于通風良好處。 |
| P404 | Store in a closed container. 存放于密閉的容器中。 |
| P405 | Store locked up. 存放處須加鎖。 |
| P406 | Store in a corrosion resistant/...container with a resistant inner liner. 存放于耐腐蝕/……帶耐腐蝕襯里的容器中。 |
| P407 | Maintain air gap between stacks or pallets. 堆垛或托盤之間應留有空隙。 |
| P410 | Protect from sunlight. 防日曬。 |
| P411 | Store at temperatures not exceeding …°C/…°F. 貯存溫度不超過……℃/……℉。 |
| P412 | Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/122 °F. 不可暴露在超過50℃/122℉的溫度下。 |
| P413 | Store bulk masses greater than … kg/…lbs at temperatures not exceeding …°C/…°F. 存放散貨質量大于……千克/……磅，溫度不得超過……℃/……℉。 |
| P420 | Store separately. 單獨存放。 |
| P402 + P404 | Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container. 存放于干燥處。存放于密閉的容器中。 |
| P403 + P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. 存放于通風良好處。保持容器密閉。 |
| P403 + P235 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. 存放于通風良好處。保持低溫。 |
| P410 + P403 | Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. 防日曬。存放于通風良好處。 |
| P410 + P412 | Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/122 °F. 防日曬。不可暴露在超過50℃/122℉的溫度下。 |
| 處置防護說明 | |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container to ... 處置內裝物/容器…… |
| P502 | Refer to manufacturer or supplier for information on recovery or recycling. 有關回收和循環使用情況，請咨詢制造商或供應商 |
| P503 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier… for information on disposal/recovery/recycling. 處置/恢復/循環的信息參照制造商/供應商 |
上表依據"全球化學品統一分類和標簽制度(全球統一制度)第七修訂版"整理而成。
